Blastocyst is the early stage of embryonic development in which the human embryo reaches the stage five to six days after fertilization. It is a cluster of dividing cells that is made up of fertilised eggs. In IVF, the blastocyst is considered an important stage, as embryos are typically cultured to the blastocyst stage before transferring into the uterus.
To understand the blastocyst culture, let’s first understand how fertilisation happens and the stages of embryonic development.
Fertilisation is a process in which an egg is released from the ovaries in a female body after 14 days of a menstrual period. This egg then waits in one of the fallopian tubes for the sperm; if fertilisation occurs, i.e., the sperm fuses with the egg, the fertilised egg develops into the zygote, which is a single cell that includes genes from both of the parents.
The formation of a zygote is the initial stage of embryonic development. After fertilisation, the zygote travels through the fallopian tubes to the uterus, which takes almost three to five days. The process of cell division continues, which forms a hollow ball of cells known as a blastocyst. Once the blastocyst reaches the appropriate stage of development, it is then transferred to the uterus. After transferring it to the uterus, the blastocyst implants in the inner lining of the uterine wall, or endometrium.
In IVF, fertilisation occurs in the laboratory and then we wait for the embryo to reach the blastocyst stage so that it can be placed inside the uterus, where it can implant and then develop into a healthy pregnancy.
Intra-vitro fertilisation (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology in which a combination of medicines and surgical procedures are used to assist individuals or couples dealing with fertility problems. During this process, mature eggs are collected from the ovaries and manually combined with the sperm in a laboratory for fertilisation. Blastocyst culture is the process in which embryos are cultured to the blastocyst stage and then transferred to the uterus to expect successful implantation.
Various signs and symptoms indicate the successful transfer and implantation of the blastocyst. You may experience some or all of the symptoms of blastocyst implantation mentioned below.
Blastocyst culture and transfer is an advanced technique in the IVF process and enhances the chances of a successful pregnancy. There are also other benefits of blastocyst culture and transfer in IVF, including the following:
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